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	<title>Red Pepper &#187; Siobhan McGuirk</title>
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		<title>Oil City: campaigning theatre</title>
		<link>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/oil-city-campaigning-theatre/</link>
		<comments>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/oil-city-campaigning-theatre/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Jun 2013 17:51:10 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[Theatre]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.redpepper.org.uk/?p=10454</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk experiences Oil City, an immersive, site-specific play produced by campaign group Platform]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><iframe width="460" height="259" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/RcGOkz1bRb4?rel=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></p>
<p>Big banks, including the Royal Bank of Scotland, invested heavily in BP’s tar sands oil extraction project in Alberta, Canada. The European Union will likely prevent import of the oil, after the European commission found the extraction process to be “highly polluting”. The UK government, having bailed out the bank, is however keen to see a return on their investment. So too are RBS and BP stockholders. Meanwhile, in Canada’s courts BP is struggling to prove its activities do not contravene the First Nations Treaty, and to refute the Cree people’s claims it knowingly poisoned the land.</p>
<p>Environmental activists, lawyers and journalists are keeping a close eye on dealings between RBS, BP, and the UK government. They have reason to suspect illegal activities are taking place, as stakeholders seek to expand tar sands oil sales to the EU and to defend BP in court. The activists need hard evidence to support their suspicions and have appealed to the public for support…</p>
<p>This is the real world premise of Oil City, an immersive, site-specific play produced by campaign group <a href="http://platformlondon.org/">Platform</a>. The complexity of the scenario, coupled with the perhaps turgid prospect of a stage-play based on secret meetings, memos, case files and jargon, has prompted writer Mel Evans to craft an unusual and unexpectedly exciting solution: audience members, or more appropriately participants, must head into the city looking for proof that RBS, BP and the UK government are breaking the law. </p>
<p><strong>Meeting the Lawyer</strong></p>
<p>At the performance I attended, four of us met ‘The Lawyer’ at Toynbee Studios in Aldgate. We were quickly handed suit jackets and driven to the heart of the financial sector. Following the cues of three actors, who blended into the surroundings better than any of us, we eavesdropped an off the record meeting between ‘The RBS Employee’ and ‘The BP Representative’. We intercepted ‘The Government Official’ as he attempted to smoke out ‘The Whistleblower’. We listened to ‘The Activist’ as she detailed laws broken and political pressures applied to ensure profits flowed long after the oil. Building a paper trail between cement, steel and glass, we finally exposed the dodgy dealings of RBS and BP. As ‘The Journalist’ broke the news, we patted ourselves on the back.</p>
<p>Oil City works because of the experience it provides. We were forced to weave through throngs of suited men and women spilling out of Liverpool Street station and striding into surrounding offices, briefcases in hand. We sat with them in cafes and watched them in courtyards, tucking into breakfast or eating their sandwiches on benches outside. With the cast blending seamlessly into the surroundings it seemed obvious that legally questionable and morally reprehensible decisions can be made quickly, over coffee, during another day at the office. The banality of the city, impossible to capture on stage, is quite terrifying up close.</p>
<p>This subtle message of the play manifests as a creeping realisation: oil is big business, and this is a thoroughly business-oriented world. The people involved number in the thousands, work nine-to-five, and are for the most part simply sandwich-eating cogs in an enormous, profit-driven machine. Thoughtfully timed to coincide with the G8 summit, the play implies heads of state are the wrong targets for anyone aiming to stem the social and environmental distress caused by big oil.</p>
<p><strong>Picking targets</strong></p>
<p>Oil City is a powerful and creative work. It also has notable faults. The Occupy movement, cited in press materials for the play, was apparently right to focus on the financial, rather than political heart of London. Yet the play emphasizes researchers, lawyers, whistleblowers and investigative journalists, rather than rank and file protesters, as the vital players in opposing dirty oil deals and digs. </p>
<p>The initial briefing could have been more carefully constructed – as it was, we were still trying to understand our own roles when the attention-demanding narrative kicked in. And the positivism of the ending also felt out of place, not least as we returned to a pile of real newspaper articles revealing far more depressing truths. One pitfall of interactive theatre is that participants are likely to ask questions – in this campaigning context, the lead should have been better prepared to answer them. These slight quibbles did not detract, however, from the thrilling, informative and thought-provoking experience Oil City provides. Hopefully, further performances will allow more people to take part.</p>
<p><small>Oil City runs until 21 June &#8211; <a href="http://platformlondon.org/p-eventnew/oil-city-site-specific-theatre-by-platform-10th-21st-june-2013/">more information</a>.</small></p>
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		<title>Thatcher: You’ve got to fight! For the left! To party!</title>
		<link>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/thatcher-youve-got-to-fight-for-the-left-to-party/</link>
		<comments>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/thatcher-youve-got-to-fight-for-the-left-to-party/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 12 Apr 2013 13:04:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Conservative Party]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.redpepper.org.uk/?p=9824</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Commentators on both sides of the political spectrum say Thatcher ‘death parties’ are the thoughtless, tasteless products of a bandwagon-jumping youth. They should have more imagination, writes Siobhán McGuirk. This is an iconoclastic moment]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://www.redpepper.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/thatcher-party.jpg" alt="" width="460" height="276" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-9826" /><small><b>Revellers in George Square, Glasgow</b></small></p>
<p>For the past two evenings, in two different Washington D.C. bars, I have chatted to American friends about the death of Margaret Thatcher. Both times, I was approached by men who, upon hearing my British accent, felt obliged to share their thoughts: ‘She can’t have been that bad, surely?’ I’m asked. ‘Even if she was, these “death parties” and jokes about going to hell can’t be justified. It’s sick, isn’t it?’ Their questions, of course, were rhetorical. These strangers, having heard Barack Obama’s praise, already had their answers.</p>
<p>Scanning over opinion pieces in the British national papers, from the Daily Mail to the Independent, I’ve felt similarly chastised. I’ve been told, by <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2307104/Margaret-Thatcher-death-party-This-lack-respect-dead-disturbing-new-low.html">Stephen Glover</a> and <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/grace-dent-thatchers-children-we-may-be-but-these-death-parties-are-just-childish-8567288.html">Grace Dent</a> alike, that people like me, ostensibly gloating over the death of a frail old woman, are childish, ill-informed, and mindlessly jumping on a ‘bandwagon of hate’. A handful of friends on Facebook are saying the same.</p>
<p>Through whichever medium, I’ve been struck by commentators’ lack of imagination. Theirs is a wanton refusal to see something deeper in a bevy of street parties years in the planning. The satirical words and/or ‘sick jokes’ that have flooded social media sites, high street walls and banners unfurled across Britain are meaningful beyond being mean.</p>
<p>The media not getting it isn’t new, but is particularly frustrating <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/death-parties-one-thing-for-hitler-but-another-for-thatcher-8568431.html">coming from self-proclaimed leftists</a>. Dent’s depiction of ‘death party’ attendees as middle-class, feckless youth echo the dismissive portrayals used to delegitimise student protests, Climate Camp and the Occupy movement over recent years. Her argument that, if people really wanted to be heard, they would ‘work in politics’ is both outrageously naïve and a reflection of her own privileged perception of choice in modern Britain.</p>
<p>The rioters that set London ablaze in August 2011 received similar condescension. At best, a youth acknowledged as disenfranchised was presented as misguided and uncouth. At worse, they were materialistic, violent and idle. The keenness with which their actions were condemned was <a href="http://www.redpepper.org.uk/the-riots-a-grim-mirror-image-of-neoliberal-britain/ ">alarming at the time</a>. It became deeply troubling, on reflection, following the heavy punitive sentencing and further cuts to civic facilities it facilitated.</p>
<p>Any attempt to categorise Thatcher death party attendees as one type of person <a href="http://www.buzzfeed.com/samjparker/19-reasons-for-attending-a-thatcher-is-dead-street-party">is thoroughly wrong-headed</a>. Among the people I know personally dusting off their grave dancing shoes are social workers, journalists, teachers, artists, students, doctors, lawyers, youth workers, ex-steel workers and numerous trades men and women. They are Scottish, Irish, English and Welsh. They are working and middle class.</p>
<p>This group includes both professional and volunteer public service workers who tirelessly hold the screws in place in the ‘Big Society’ Cameron and his ilk tout but refuse to fund. They are political people, who write stern letters to MPs, and go on solemn protests. And they see these parties as political statements, too.</p>
<p><strong>Interrupting the narrative</strong></p>
<p>A handful of journalists have <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/mark-steel-you-cant-just-shut-us-up-now-that-margaret-thatchers-dead-8568785.html">defended the revelry</a>, or <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/apr/08/margaret-thatcher-death-etiquette">highlighted the dangers</a> of ‘misplaced death etiquette’. I want to go further, and whole-heartedly advocate for these celebratory outpourings. </p>
<p>These gleeful celebrations represent much more than simplistic macabre response to <a href="http://www.lesbilicious.co.uk/section-28-a-thatcher-legacy/">Thatcher’s abhorrent policies</a>, <a href="http://www.democracynow.org/2013/4/8/margaret_thatcher_1925_2013_tariq_ali">viewpoints</a> and <a href="http://www.redpepper.org.uk/dispelling-the-thatcher-myths/">legacy</a>. They are in fact public, vociferous interruption and contestation of the ‘savior, leader, icon’ narrative being written by a worldwide elite. </p>
<p>These conspicuous, pre-planned actions prevent a dreaded alternative from materialising: While the millions who despised her sit on their hands and silently shake their heads, a state-funded, jingoistic funeral procession roles by and the history books canonise a monster.</p>
<p>This alternative, which remains troublingly close to reality, is the truly sickening proposition. While banal flag waving is expected and encouraged around her funeral, there is little recognition that such action is as least as political, and far more asinine than holding a ‘Maggie burn in Hell!’ placard in Trafalgar Square. Many are ashamed, not proud, of Thatcherism and its progeny, and rightfully refuse to be silent. I support their right to say: ‘Not in my name.’</p>
<p>These parties, as crude as the banners adorning them may be, are iconoclastic events. Their message, despite <a href="http://www.redpepper.org.uk/i-dont-feel-like-dancin/">fears to the contrary</a> is not aimed solely at Thatcher. It’s frustrating to see protesters given such little credit, as if they are unaware she was but a cog in a giant ideological machine that has only grown in influence—within and beyond her party—since her ignominious Downing Street exit. They don’t need po-faced lessons that ‘Thatcherism isn’t dead’.</p>
<p>It is plain to see that Conservatives tried to distance themselves from Thatcher tactically, not politically. The distain once reserved for ‘the enemy within’ is now doled out to ‘scroungers’. The death revelers know it and now—precisely because there are parties as well as wakes—everyone is talking about it.</p>
<p>Public celebration provides a much-needed platform for an increasingly silenced public to air their views on, at heart, political issues. It’s patronising to claim otherwise, and to overlook the broader points made. I wonder, for example, if Tony Blair is still so confident that history will judge him kindly on Iraq? First and foremost, however, collective, gleeful action shows there is such a thing as society.</p>
<p>Russell Brand, writing in the Guardian, reflects that Thatcher’s policy aimed and succeeded to break ‘the spell of community’. She cast new spells, of course, of individualism; of anti-immigrant rhetoric and working-class scapegoating. Through her death, those spells might be broken. </p>
<p>For a left that has had little to celebrate for so long, Thatcher’s death is a symbolic victory, a promise that cannot be rescinded. She was a figurehead that millions nonetheless hold responsible for years of abject misery. She became an albatross around our collective neck, and we&#8217;re exuberant to throw her off.</p>
<p>‘Ding, dong, the witch is dead’ is indeed a gendered slur. We would do well emphasise the line that follows instead, as an appropriate call to action for a left worn down and broken up through years of bitter disappointments: ‘Wake up &#8211; sleepy head, rub your eyes, get out of bed.’</p>
<p><strong>Seize the opportunity</strong></p>
<p>In each public gathering there lies opportunities to unify and galvanize anti-austerity and social justice activists into mass action. Generations and fractions are coming together to share stories, effectively mourning their own, figurative loss of life under and after Thatcher. The millions born post-1990, who have been at the forefront of more recent, swiftly quashed uprisings against austerity and the state are listening, and sharing their stories, too. </p>
<p>Billy Bragg says: Don’t party, organise! I don’t agree that the two are mutually exclusive. There is no need to rush through the immediate opportunity: Educate! We can be grateful for, and seize the opportunity to party, and to tell everyone why. </p>
<p>Anti-Thatcher sentiment is vitriolic, but not thoughtless. Anger is easily dismissed as impotent rage, when those in power claim calm reasoning is needed. But, as Audre Lorde, a true feminist icon, reminds us, anger has its uses: ‘When we turn from anger we turn from insight, saying we will accept only the designs already known, deadly and safely familiar. […] My anger has meant pain to me but it has also meant survival, and before I give it up I’m going to be sure that there is something at least as powerful to replace it on the road to clarity.’</p>
<p>Righteous anger spurs the ‘death parties’ planned for this weekend. Smear campaigns cannot detract from that fact. I believe they can and will be productive, transformative occasions. A revolution that starts with a party? Sounds ideal to me.</p>
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		<title>Epitaph to a generation: John Akomfrah interview</title>
		<link>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/epitaph-to-a-generation/</link>
		<comments>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/epitaph-to-a-generation/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 09 Mar 2012 19:54:01 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[Film]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[John Akomfrah]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.redpepper.org.uk/?p=6468</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk speaks to John Akomfrah about his new film – and the 2011 riots]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://www.redpepper.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/ninemuses.jpg" alt="" title="" width="460" height="300" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-6478" /><small>A still from The Nine Muses</small><br />
John Akomfrah is a British filmmaking pioneer. Born in Accra, Ghana, in 1957, he moved to London as a child with his political activist parents. A passionate musician and visual artist, Akomfrah co-founded the Black Audio Film Collective (BAFC) in 1982, with the explicit aim of producing innovative, independent media focused on black history and culture.<br />
Akomfrah found critical success with his debut film, the experimental documentary Handsworth Songs (1986). Made with the BAFC, the provocative film layers personal testimonies, photos, newsreels and soundscapes into a mosaic retelling of the 1985 disturbances in Handsworth and London. It won the prestigious John Grierson award for documentary and set the tone for Akomfrah’s future work.<br />
Memory, history and race remain central concerns. A prolific artist, Akomfrah’s films have been shown on television and in galleries and cinemas around the world. He is also a celebrated lecturer, writer and critic.<br />
Akomfrah’s latest cinematic release, The Nine Muses, is another poignant, idiosyncratic meditation, on post-war migration to the UK. The film is structured around Homer’s The Odyssey, but draws quotes and passages from a vast selection of literature.<br />
These are layered over archive footage, from the Windrush era onwards, intercut with high-definition shots of frozen wilderness, where trucks drive through the night or figures stand motionless. Their brightly-coloured jackets are stark against a foreboding sea of cold white. The allegory is beautifully plain.<br />
The Nine Muses is a haunting, moving and wholly immersive 90 minutes of cinema. A shorter version, Mnemosyne, has toured as a gallery installation. In both forms, feature-length essay film or selected ‘tone poems’, Akomfrah’s considered aesthetic captures the intangible nature of memory and the ceaseless journeying of history.<br />
Constructing an epitaph<br />
For Akomfrah, The Nine Muses was inspired by the aim to ‘construct an epitaph to this generation – really, three generations – of people who came here to find lives for themselves, not just jobs, but lives.’<br />
The project was 20 years in the making. ‘When we were working on Handsworth Songs [1986], I watched a 1964 BBC film, The Colony,’ Akomfrah reveals. ‘There was a clip of a [Jamaican] man saying: “I love you, but you don’t love we . . . I’ve come here with a pure heart.” I knew I wanted to use that, but it just didn’t fit.’ The scene played over in the director’s mind. ‘I regarded it as a kind of failure on my part, that I couldn’t include it,’ he confesses. ‘That compelled me to go back and use it in some way.’<br />
Trawling through hundreds of hours of archive footage, Akomfrah was struck by their original framing. ‘The material was made in a different time, and the filmmakers had certain questions which reflect that,’ he says. ‘They’re asking: “Are these people criminals? Why don’t they want to go back home?” Those aren’t the questions that interest me but, at the same time, this is the only material we have.’<br />
That notion gave the director pause to consider how memory may be shaped and, potentially, reclaimed. ‘I’m interested in how that [footage] speaks to now. Is it possible to find new meanings?’ Akomfrah asks. ‘In a way, that has become our history; on the official record. But it can be used in ways that tell a different story. The challenge is how to do that.’<br />
Evolving and innovating<br />
Granted a cinematic release, The Nine Muses has received rare exposure for an experimental film. Akomfrah is pleased with the reception, balking at pressures to describe his work along traditional lines. ‘I strongly believe that artists and filmmakers whose work falls between those gaps – and intentionally so – have a responsibility to keep making work that refuses rigid categorisation,’ he says, ‘so that we can keep working in ways that are complex and challenging.’<br />
Akomfrah honed his approach at the BAFC, experimenting with formats from music and videos to stills and installations. The work was produced in a collaborative environment and ran in independent cine-clubs, bringing underground and avant-garde voices to new audiences.<br />
Now, increased availability of sophisticated cameras and editing software has made film-making a broadly accessible pursuit. Clips are streamed and uploaded online with ever‑increasing ease. The next generation of British directors may, arguably, gain a cinematic education and hone their skills without leaving the house.<br />
Akomfrah is unfazed by the suggestion that technology might damage the independent scene. ‘The BAFC aim was that film-making became democratised; that people had easier access to the means of production,’ he reflects, ‘so I don’t think [new technology] is a bad thing.’ A quick turn around, however, is only useful for certain work. ‘If you have footage of a policeman using pepper spray on peaceful protesters, then there is a value in getting that out quickly,’ Akomfrah says. ‘It’s a cinema of immediacy.’<br />
Possible alternative uses of such imagery must also be considered, he argues. ‘If you want to say something about the history of police violence, that image is not enough. Time to reflect, to make connections, never stops being important, and there’s no reason why contemplative work can’t be put up on YouTube.’<br />
Criminal politics<br />
Throughout his career, Akomfrah’s approach has been both thoughtful and thought provoking. Renowned for his measured expression of potentially inflammatory views, commentators were quick to approach Akomfrah about the riots that swept the UK last year.<br />
‘A lot of people asked me my thoughts on the riots, and a lot of their questions were framed in this way of “How are they different?”’ Those questions, he says, hinged on preconceptions. ‘People were very fast to say: “This wasn’t political; this was about rampant consumerism and greed, for TVs and trainers.”’<br />
Akomfrah was far from convinced. ‘Of course it is political!’ he says. Obvious contributing factors, he argues, have been deliberately ignored. ‘When a family goes to a police station and says, “I want to know why my son was killed” and are refused answers, they are being treated with the same kind of contempt that all of the young people in the area experience every day, and identify with.’<br />
The director was further bemused by media coverage, and the public’s response. ‘The bizarre thing,’ he says, almost incredulous, ‘was how the police, who were the catalyst and instigators, were then removed from the drama as it unfolded, only for calls to be made that they should be the ones dealing with it.’<br />
Ever conscious of connecting links and deeper exploration, Akomfrah goes on. ‘It’s not just the police; there are other issues that people were responding to. The Guardian, just a week or so before, published an interview with a boy from the area. He spoke about youth clubs being shut down and the desperate efforts being made to keep them up and running.’<br />
With such information at hand, argues Akomfrah, the reaction of politicians is nothing short of scandalous. ‘For Boris and his gang to say “We don’t understand what caused this” is just criminal,’ he says. ‘They may say that they don’t fully understand, but it’s a travesty to imply that they aren’t aware of all these conditions that people are responding to.’<br />
Unanswered, and eventually unavoidable, questions linger on, Akomfrah suggests. ‘The important question is: why is the same thing happening again, 25 years later? It’s just too easy to say that it’s the youth. People who weren’t born when Handsworth happened and have no living memory of the fact, whose parents moved into the area afterwards, are expressing the same thing as back then.’<br />
As the riots continue to be dissected, in parliament, newspapers and classrooms, more insightful and informative work is likely to emerge, in film, art and music, from innovators around the country. In more ways than one, Akomfrah has taught us the value of paying attention.<br />
<small>The Nine Muses opened in London on 20 January and is on limited release around the country</small></p>
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		<title>Occupy: A turning point in US politics?</title>
		<link>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/occupy-a-turning-point-in-us-politics/</link>
		<comments>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/occupy-a-turning-point-in-us-politics/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 17 Dec 2011 12:34:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Activism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.redpepper.org.uk/?p=5930</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk visits the Occupy camp in Washington DC]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://www.redpepper.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/occupydc.jpg" alt="" title="" width="460" height="307" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-5933" /><small>Photo: Elvert Barnes (Flickr)</small><br />
Few foresaw 17 September 2011 as an auspicious date. Only readers of Adbusters magazine, networks of mostly East Coast activists and Anonymous hackers knew what was planned for the day. And the NYPD, of course. But even as a thousand people descended on Wall Street, protesting the corporate stranglehold on US politics, no one predicted that ‘Occupy’ would become the buzzword of 2011.<br />
Now the ubiquitous ‘We are the 99 per cent’ slogan has galvanised the nation. Groups around the country continue to take up the banner and set up camp, in solidarity, protest and anger. As of mid-November, there was at least one camp in every US state, with daily protest actions emerging from Occupy hubs. Active supporters number into the tens of thousands.<br />
For most, social inequality is the primary motivator. ‘One in five children in the US are living in poverty – and that’s according to official numbers. That is not a society I want to be part of,’ explains Hilary Lizzar, an anti-poverty campaigner who helps run the People’s Library at the Occupy camp in Washington DC. ‘I came here on the first day feeling, “thus far, no further”. Action is long overdue.’<br />
Building Capitol<br />
In Washington DC’s McPherson Square, over 100 tents make up ‘Occupy K Street’. Among them are two kitchens, a library, media and tech bases, and sanctuaries of worship. Larger, more eco-friendly community structures are planned, and measures are being taken to ‘winterise’ the camp for the bitter cold ahead. A much-needed volunteer-staffed medical station acts as a pointed reminder of pervasive social neglect.<br />
Occupy DC is a hive of activity: teach-ins, skills shares and musical performances run throughout the day. Every evening at 6pm, the general assembly provides the platform for committee (working group) updates and whole group decision-making. The Occupy-wide commitment to non-hierarchical organising is strictly adhered to.<br />
Fittingly for DC, an eternal hotbed of lobbying activity, initial actions were focused on economic policy and corporate influence in government. Increasingly, however, emphasis is shifting to demonstrations of solidarity with unions. Concerted efforts are being made to link up with established community organisers, from urban farmers to advocates for homeless rights. Broader social justice issues are being addressed.<br />
Despite its generally positive atmosphere, harmony does not always pervade at the camp. Yet there is vociferous dedication to recognising and redressing frictions. New groups have formed over recent weeks, including the People of Colour Caucus and Women’s Meeting, to ensure that no one is disempowered and that demographically representative voices are heard. ‘We need to tackle structures of oppression that operate in wider society – patriarchy, racism, homophobia – here and now,’ explains Jen, one of the camp’s participants.<br />
Occupy everything, demand nothing<br />
The confidence within the movement is reverberating. Initially, as swathes of tents appeared in public plazas across the country, mainstream media coverage veered between alarmist and dismissive. Blogs, independent news sources and social media, however, lit up with activity, creating a space for debate.<br />
The camp broadcasts live-stream video daily and the occupiers are now publishing their own, free newspaper, the Occupied Washington Times. ‘It’s necessary for any movement to create its own image. We can’t rely on others to represent us.’ says newspaper committee member Sam Jewler.<br />
Yet it seems journalists’ scorn has transformed into fascination, with the Washington Post celebrating local protesters’ ‘vibrant brand of urbanism’ in a recently published centre-page spread. ‘At the beginning, no one knew what to make of Occupy – like anything new it was attacked,’ says Sam. ‘Once we were seen to have legitimate concerns, that we are really a social phenomenon, the media have realised that there’s infinite potential for stories here.’<br />
One media storm that seems to have been weathered is the call for Occupy Wall Street – regarded as the head of this avowedly leaderless project – to issue a concrete set of demands or grievances. For one of the protesters, Jarred, calls for policy proposals undermine the real power of the movement: ‘The goal of Occupy should be to raise awareness about the suffering of the 99 per cent. A conversation can be started that will educate and connect the people. This process will eventually lead us to solutions.’ Summing up the challenge Occupy poses to the political establishment, he concludes: ‘The answers to the world’s problems won’t be found in a soundbite.’<br />
Through the Occupy camps, Americans are creating space for reasoned debate – a vital element of democratic participation. Politicians have, for the most part, been deafeningly silent in response. For Sam, their hesitancy to speak is not surprising. ‘Politicians can’t respond to us because they already know exactly what we want and exactly why we’re angry. That means we’re going to win, because we’re not going away.’<br />
<small>All occupiers stressed that they speak for themselves.</small></p>
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		<title>Crowd allowed</title>
		<link>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/crowd-allowed/</link>
		<comments>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/crowd-allowed/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Aug 2011 21:34:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Film]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.redpepper.org.uk/?p=4446</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk on the way inspiring new documentary Just Do It was made]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In 2008, while working on the climate change polemic The Age Of Stupid, filmmaker Emily James began to wonder how the problem might be addressed. ‘I think a lot of people go through the same cycle of seeing the problem, doing a little research, realising it’s a gargantuan problem and then getting quite disillusioned, like it’s insurmountable,’ she says.<br />
A few phone calls later, however, and the cycle began to crack. Campaigners from Plane Stupid wanted James to capture them blocking the runway at Stansted, and later another group asked her to film them boarding a coal train to unload its cargo.<br />
‘It was inspiring seeing people who weren’t succumbing to that sense of being overwhelmed,’ she says. ‘Their reaction was to do something really bold and dramatic. That excited me. I immediately wanted to tell their story.’<br />
Over the following year, a team of camera operators covered protests, stunts and solidarity camps, amassing 200 hours of footage. This has been whittled down into an ebullient 90-minute documentary that tracks a group of mostly young activists as they bring media, political and public attention to the myriad causes of climate change – from coal-fired power stations and ever‑expanding airports to investment banks and government offices. The film premiered at the Sheffield Documentary Festival in July and is currently visiting cinemas nationwide. The leap of faith paid off.<br />
Broad base<br />
Behind this success lies the work of motivated volunteers and more than 400 ‘crowd-funders’, a broad base of supporters who responded to calls to finance the film with donations of £10 upwards. Their contribution has been vital.<br />
‘My initial plan was to make a short reel, take it to broadcasters and get a commission,’ says James, who has worked in television for more than a decade. The cynicism of mainstream producers forced her to reconsider the approach.<br />
‘There wasn’t a great deal of interest in the sympathetic portrait that I wanted to make – only if it was done in a derisive way,’ she explains. ‘The word “objective” was thrown around, but actually to mean “critical”. I don’t think they’re the same thing and wasn’t willing take the film in that direction.’<br />
For James, the request indicated prejudices against non‑mainstream political agitators. ‘If I’d wanted to make the film with an African young persons’ choral group, nobody would have been talking about “objectivity” in the same sense.’<br />
The team decided to go independent, applying for support from ecological foundations and film funds. The secretive nature of filming meant that the highly public activity of crowd-funding could only be pursued during the post-production process, which allowed the team time to consider their approach and design an inclusive system.<br />
The Age of Stupid was a forerunner for crowd-funding, but stipulated a minimum investment of £5,000. Investors were then remunerated from box-office takings and sales, meaning that recouping expenditures became a necessary goal for the filmmakers. The Just Do It team wanted to try something new.<br />
‘We felt that, given the strong anti-capitalist message of the film, we would prefer to do something that was more widely democratic,’ explains James, ‘so we went for straight donations.’<br />
Local champions<br />
The plan has worked – to an extent. Fundraising efforts have helped build a strong support base for the film, with donors becoming local champions, spreading the word and requesting cinema screenings. There’s enough in the coffers to cover expenses and get speakers to the films.<br />
After the initial theatrical run, the aim is to offer free screenings and downloads to get the film to as many viewers as possible. More funds are needed to cover the leg-work involved.<br />
‘We raised a lot less money [than The Age of Stupid], which is a little frustrating,’ James concedes. ‘People struggle to get their head around the idea that they should put their hand in their pocket so that others can see a film for free.’<br />
She is philosophical about this struggle, however, seeing it as the start of a long process. ‘It’s one of the inherent contradictions of trying to do things that question and undermine the capitalist models that we’re used to – while still functioning in a capitalist structure that we can’t easily escape.’<br />
While there may still be a few creases to iron out with the format, other filmmakers are picking up the idea with gusto. The Real Social Network, a similarly themed documentary covering the recent protests against student fees, is one of many already in post‑production.<br />
Originally born of necessity, the funding model behind Just Do It can be seen as reflecting the ethos of the project: challenging the status quo, asserting democratic freedoms to speak to power and putting politics before profit. n<br />
Just Do It is showing in select cinemas nationwide. For up to date screening information, and to find out how you can get your local cinema involved, go to www.justdoitfilm.com</p>
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		<title>Film review: Unwrapping the drugs debate</title>
		<link>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/film-review-unwrapping-the-drugs-debate/</link>
		<comments>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/film-review-unwrapping-the-drugs-debate/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Jul 2011 22:27:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>James O'Nions</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Film]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.redpepper.org.uk/?p=4253</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk reviews ‘Cocaine Unwrapped’, a documentary that asks good questions but avoids too many answers]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In the UK, debates over illegal substances swirl across the front pages on a near daily basis. Coverage ranges from rising bloodshed in Mexico to the resignations of British government taskforce investigators whenever knee-jerk policy decisions undermine their research.</p>
<p>Popular films like <em>Traffic</em> and, more recently, <em>Carlos</em> further emphasise the international scale of the narcotics industry. Cocaine in particular is well understood as having severe and tragic local impacts wherever it is produced, trafficked, traded or used. Yet consumption continues to rise, across all socio-economic strata and particularly in the west. More careful examination of the issue is urgently needed.</p>
<p>New documentary <em>Cocaine Unwrapped</em> is a sure-footed step in the right direction, casting a wide net to examine the wheres, whys and hows of the trade while avoiding the sensationalism that often dogs debate.</p>
<p>Director Rachel Seifert mixes reportage with interviews and observational documentary footage to build an appropriately complex and layered picture of the cocaine industry. She carefully probes politicians, dealers and users alike and seemingly refuses to assert any straightforward solutions. Between the lines, however, it becomes clear where accountability for the myriad consequences of the trade might lie.</p>
<p>The wilful ignorance of city slicker casual users in London, revealed in voice over alone, is one recurrent motif. Elsewhere, the devastating impact of gung-ho, US-sponsored coca crop destruction in Columbia is contrasted with Bolivian efforts to respect the cultural significance of the leaf for indigenous communities – while recognising that alternative, legal markets must be cultivated if sales to cartels might lose its appeal to poverty stricken farmers. There is a strange, if unintentional, irony in the idea that commodity markets may prove a way out.</p>
<p>In Mexico, military incursions into towns situated along smuggling routes have left local populations abused and disempowered, an impact replicated in unemployment-ravaged urban centres in the US, where violent state-sponsored police crackdowns exacerbate cycles of crime.</p>
<p>Carefully unfolding and juxtaposing testimonies, statistics and images, Seifert allows the human cost of various ‘wars against drugs’ to be counted. Her film undeniably raises important points for any informed policy debate to consider, though it might have gone further in some areas.</p>
<p>The legalisation/regulation debate is skipped over, despite the obvious implication that prohibition isn’t working. This is arguably a sensible move, considering that any relevant discussion would require hours of screen time. Though popular among some commentators, it is an incredibly messy proposal that would require intricate, coordinated planning, deep social adjustment, the implementation of retrospective justice and international trade agreement, among a host of other conditions which cannot be taken lightly.</p>
<p>Addressing the issue would require the film to take a moral stance on cocaine use per se, beyond the context of lives ruined by its journey to the user. <em>Cocaine Unwrapped</em>, perhaps aiming not to alienate any viewers on such grounds, not least western users whose buying habits can most directly impact the trade, avoids the question.</p>
<p>Also largely left out of the equation are the incredibly wealthy, major cartel players, who make billions of dollars, year on year from cocaine, in addition to other lucrative criminal activities. The amount of complicity they can buy – from local police chiefs to high-ranking officials – is practically immeasurable and it is not only in this film that they seem somewhat untouchable.</p>
<p>It would be unfair to ask that <em>Cocaine Unwrapped</em> cover everything, and any frustration over what could have been said stems from the questions the film poses, rather than any shortcomings. The film offers a coherent, patient and much needed survey of a global issue in which accountability is misplaced and ignored and action regularly taken without analysis or care for the exacerbation caused. In emphasising the complexity and complicities of a global issue, Seifert has produced a film that demands to be widely seen.</p>
<p><small>‘Cocaine Unwrapped’ was premiered at the London Open City Documentary Festival, and is now being released online and around the country. For further details see <a href="http://www.cocaineunwrapped.com/">www.cocaineunwrapped.com</a></small></p>
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		<title>From kitchen sink to fish tank</title>
		<link>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/from-kitchen-sink-to-fish-tank/</link>
		<comments>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/from-kitchen-sink-to-fish-tank/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Jun 2011 13:41:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>James O'Nions</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Film]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.redpepper.org.uk/?p=4184</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk traces the history of social realism in British cinema as the genre starts to make a comeback]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Social realist art became popular in the Americas at the beginning of the 20th century, where Mexican muralists and Dust Bowl photographers documented working-class communities struggling against harsh social conditions. In Europe, early filmmakers recorded accessible, everyday scenes and documentary titles filled cinemas. In the UK, James Williamson’s <em>A Reservist Before and After The War</em> (1902) laid the foundations for a film movement, tracing a Boer War soldier returning to unemployment and poverty at home.</p>
<p>As further conflicts ravaged the continent, Humphrey Jennings’ wartime snap-shots <em>Listen To Britain</em> (1942) and later <em>A Diary for Timothy</em> (1946) glorified community coherence in factories, barracks and suburbia. Stylistically, these were precursors to the ‘Free Cinema’ movement of the 1950s, which drew inspiration and scripts from playwrights already inspecting the cracks in post-war society.</p>
<p>Kitchen sink</p>
<p>Leading director Tony Richardson described Free Cinema as ‘independent of commercial cinema, free to make intensely personal statements and free to champion the director&#8217;s right to control the picture’. His celebrated adaption of John Osborn’s play <em>Look Back in Anger</em> (1959) was hugely influential and bears the hall marks of ‘kitchen sink realism’, though now seems overly chauvinistic and stagey. His later films <em>A Taste of Honey</em> (1961), which addresses race relations and homosexuality through a female lead, and <em>The Loneliness of a Long Distance Runner</em> (1961), in which Tom Courtenay’s juvenile delinquent asserts his individuality through sport, have better stood the test of time.</p>
<p>Inspired by the rebelliousness of Italian Neo-Realism and the French Nouvelle Vague, and liberated by the relaxation of censorship laws, Britain’s own ‘New Wave’ of filmmakers shot ‘angry young men’, along with a host of previously taboo subjects, into cinema halls. The popularity of the genre faded, however, as spy thrillers and swinging London-set art films captured the new zeitgeist of Cold War fears and the free love movement. Social realism was forced to find a new home, and became a television staple from the 1960s onwards. The BBC’s stand alone drama slots, <em>The Wednesday Play</em> and <em>Play for Today</em>, which between them ran from 1960 until 1984 gave early breaks to new names Ken Loach, Dennis Potter, David Mercer and Mike Leigh.</p>
<p>On the box</p>
<p>Some of the most vital examples of British social realism were originally commissioned and broadcast for the series, including Loach’s <em>Cathy Come Home</em> (1966), which stoked public outrage over the public housing system. His <em>The Big Flame</em> (1969) imaged a Marxist uprising by Liverpool dockers while <em>Up The Junction</em> (1965) made stirring arguments for the legalisation of abortion, provoking parliamentary complaints that the BBC was breaking it’s commitment to political impartiality.</p>
<p>The seminal 1982 series <em>Boys from the Blackstuff</em> was a spin-off from a stand-alone <em>Play for Today</em> written by Alan Beasdale. The Liverpool-set drama tackles unemployment head on and has been hailed by BFI as ‘TV&#8217;s most complete dramatic response to the Thatcher era… a lament to the end of a male, working class British culture.’ The stand-alone play format eventually faded, as channels began to invest in serials and, primarily through Channel 4, feature films.</p>
<p>In the 1990s, a new comedic-realism continued to probe the after-effects of Tory rule. In <em>Brassed Off</em> (1996), <em>The Full Monty</em> (1997) and <em>Billy Elliot</em> (2000), each part-funded by major British TV channels, male characters find self-expression in the arts while their communities struggle for cohesion and survival in the abandoned post-industrial north. Each is shot through with a mix of broad comedy and pathos, rejuvenating a genre that had been deflated by countless ‘by ’eck it’s grim oop north’ parodies. While Thatcher remained a prime target the Labour government was happy to support such ultimately feel-good fare.</p>
<p>New issues, new voices</p>
<p>A certain seriousness has returned in the last decade, where filmmakers like Andrea Arnold and Shane Meadows have made dark excursions to explore psyches damaged by loss, addiction, welfare state failure and war. It marks a departure from the nostalgic tone of Thatcher-era struggles, refiguring the genre for modern morasses.</p>
<p>Meadows breakthough feature <em>24/7 </em>(1997) sees young hopes enlivened when a boxing club opens in a Nottingham housing project. He aim was ‘to show that, irrelevant of what situation working-class people are in, they&#8217;ll make the best of what they&#8217;ve got.’ Drawing on his own past, Meadows is adept at presenting the adult world through young eyes, as in <em>A Room for Romeo Brass</em> (1999) and <em>Sommerstown</em> (2008).</p>
<p>Darker themes including the emotional and psychological impact of war are explored in both <em>Dead Man’s Shoes </em>(2004), in which a soldier takes revenge on small time drug dealers in provincial England and <em>This Is England</em> (2006), where the shadow of the Falklands war looms large. The latter was made into an acclaimed TV series last year and follow ups are planned.</p>
<p>Arnold won an Academy Award for her stinging short <em>Wasp</em> (2007) before making Red Road, a slow-burning mystery addressing grief and redemption in a bleak Glaswegian housing block. <em>Fish Tank</em> (2009) is further evidence of her special ability to probe complex personal emotions while more broadly reflecting the disenfranchisement of modern youth. Between them, and other emerging names, the genre looks set to be revitalised.</p>
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		<title>Youth rises against bloodshed in Mexico, armed with poetry and art</title>
		<link>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/youth-rises-against-bloodshed-in-mexico-armed-with-poetry-and-art/</link>
		<comments>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/youth-rises-against-bloodshed-in-mexico-armed-with-poetry-and-art/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 11 Apr 2011 22:08:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andy</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Latin America]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Maria Felix]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.redpepper.org.uk/?p=3511</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Maria Felix and Siobhan McGuirk report on the growing protest backlash against the war on drugs in Mexico.]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>The on-going US/Mexican &#8216;War on Drugs&#8217; has been well documented, with over 40,000 lives lost in the bloodshed. Now, following the murder of a famous poet’s son, the youth are taking to the streets. They are fighting back against politicians and gangs alike, with music and words, peacefully asserting: &#8220;Enough! No More Blood&#8221;.<br />
</strong></p>
<p>On Monday 29 March, seven bodies were found in a car at the side of a highway in Cuernavaca, the capital of Morelos State. They had been tortured and killed by asphyxiation. After four years of “the war on drugs”, people are used to such news, and to hearing soon after that the victims were linked to organized crime &#8211; no further investigation needed.</p>
<p>This case was different. One of the victims, Juan Francisco Sicilia, was the son of the well-known poet and a journalist, Javier Sicilia. He belonged to a social and cultural class with enough strength to pressure the authorities and prevent them washing their hands of the case. The criminalisation of the seven was quickly halted and the case is now undergoing further investigation.</p>
<p>The swift action has raised concerns over official statistics. What of the 153 young people assassinated in Cuernavaca over the past three years, officially presumed to be, “connected to the drugs trade”? How many were falsely incriminated? How many had been forced to work for dealers, or murdered for refusing to? How many parents were unable to speak out, or had no platform to be heard?</p>
<p>With these questions in mind, a new wave of protesters, led by intellectuals and artists suddenly touched by death, are speaking out for everyone, marching under the slogan: “We are all Francisco Sicilia”.</p>
<p>Demonstrations sprung up in the main square in Cuernavaca within a day of the murders, with 300 coming to register their sadness and anger. On 6 April, 40,000 took to the streets. Regular marches have spun out across the state and the movement has spread through the nation and abroad within weeks. In France, US, Spain and Argentina people have already marched in solidarity with Mexico. More are planned elsewhere. “¡Ya Basta!” (“Enough!”) they shout, appropriating the<em> Rius</em> graphic campaign, “¡No more Blood!”</p>
<p><strong>Art, music and poetry for peace</strong></p>
<p>Arts have played a key role in the demonstrations, with young performers and musicians expressing their frustration and desperation through poetry, music, dance, photography and video. In the square in Cuernavaca, one after another, they rise to recite protest poetry and sing songs of martyrs. They have shaped their work to serve the protest, adjusting lyrics and performances to demand peace, even though they speak of anger and confusion:</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Somebody died yesterday and I came here without knowing why.</p>
<p>Not knowing if it is empathy that moves me,</p>
<p>or sadness, or hope, or fear, or sarcasm, or black humour.</p>
<p>I myself do not have the courage to shoot</p>
<p>with a coup de grace,</p>
<p>he who I label</p>
<p>writ on his forehead:</p>
<p>“murderer”.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>- From the poem by Leonardo De On On Vide, read in the Square, “The son of a friend died yesterday”</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>A forum of musicians repeats a line in various guises, which has become a mantra in the Square: “Who has taken your life away? Who has taken your like away? Who has taken your life away?&#8230;”</p>
<p>Wamazo, a percussionist group, performs as a firing squad in front of the Government Palace. The singer shouts in a military style: “Ready. Aim. Fire!” They group turns their back to the public and, facing the Palace, begin shooting their “bullets of sound”, shouting: “Shoot the protesters! Shoot the denouncers”.</p>
<p>The approach is not only a satirical refusal to fight fire with fire, the methodology that sums up the “war”. It is also a form of protection. The protesters know that they are not indicting easily defined enemies. They accuse politicians and organized criminals, who often collude or collide, alike.</p>
<p>In an angry, emotional “open letter to criminals and politicians” published in the national news magazine <em>Proceso</em>, Scilia makes the point explicitly. His call to the gangs is the first time a direct, public dialog has been opened between citizens and organized crime:</p>
<p><em>“We are fed up of you, politicians… because you only have the imagination to use violence; weapons; insults and with that, a profound disrespect for education, culture, opportunities and honest work. </em></p>
<p><em>And of you, criminals, we are sick of your violence, your loss of honour, your cruelty […] Long ago you had codes of honour&#8230; you have become less than human, not animal – animals don’t even do what you do – but sub-human, demonic.”</em></p>
<p>While Scilia appeals to politicians to re-evaluate their approach and think more deeply about the social context that has given rise to the trade, a position widely shared by the protestors, his appeal to gangs to return to their “codes of honour” seems perverse. Many more feel that such an suggestion is deeply problematic. The resounding feeling is that an end – not a limit – to all violence is the only answer.</p>
<p>A well-positioned and educated youth, suddenly aware that they are no longer safe, has begun a desperate movement to peace, born from indignation and fear over the death of a close friend of many protesting. They have been awoken to an ugly reality and are acting quickly. The challenge now is to keep the movement alive and to help it grow to invite and include other, less-protected sectors of society, where a well-founded fear of retribution for demonstrating is as hard to break as the shaky complacency that previously silenced others. As the numbers marching rapidly increases and the No More Blood campaign imagery spreads, it seems that finally, the challenge is being met.</p>
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		<title>Mexico: The casualties of war</title>
		<link>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/the-casualties-of-war/</link>
		<comments>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/the-casualties-of-war/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 08 Feb 2011 10:22:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Latin America]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Maria Felix]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.redpepper.org.uk/?p=3107</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Behind the bloody headlines of Mexico’s war on drugs, creeping militarism and corruption is silencing public dissent. Government policy failures are leading to social breakdown, writes Siobhan McGuirk with Maria Felix]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-3252" src="http://www.redpepper.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/mexico1.jpg" alt="" width="460" height="326" /><br />
At four o’clock on a Friday afternoon, the usually busy streets of Xoxocotla, a small indigenous town half an hour south of Cuernavaca, should not be falling quiet. Taco stands are folding down their tarpaulin walls; the medical centre, overrun with patients in the morning, sits empty. Schoolchildren are going home after a half-day of classes.<br />
‘My customers told me to have packages ready by five o’clock,’ explains Doña Juarez, from her small tortilla stall. ‘I usually work until seven but because of the curfew, a lot of people won’t leave their house after six tonight.’ From her apron pocket, she pulls out the well-thumbed, unevenly typed letter that was handed out to her daughter at school a week earlier. The open letter to the people of Xoxocotla, reads, ‘Anyone seen in the bars and streets associated with our enemies will be in danger. We do not want our beautiful village to suffer, but we must defend our business, as a market stall trader would, from out-of-town competition.’<br />
The paper has been frantically shared between neighbours and plastered over town. It is signed with a rubber-stamped ‘CPS’, the acronym of Cartel del Pacífico Sur, a new gang fighting for control of Morelos state after the death of former cartel boss Arturo Beltran-Leyva in December 2009. They are known for their young members and bloody exhibitions. As well as burning down houses, CPS have claimed responsibility for a string of high-profile murders, with El Ponchis, their 14-year-old assassin arrested in Cuernavaca at the end of 2010, confessing to a string of homicides.<br />
Guillermo Martinez is not convinced CPS wrote the letter. People have been coming to his photocopying shop with it all week, he says, and though they will act on it, many doubt its authenticity. ‘It’s signed CPS but I don’t believe they are behind it. Perhaps it is another game from the politicians.’<br />
The following day is 20 November 2010, an important date for the government. The 100th anniversary of the Mexican Revolution will mark the culmination of the year-long, state‑sponsored bicentennial celebrations, also commemorating 200 years of independence. The government has spent more than $230million (£148million) decking the country in red, white and green, a sum three in five people are unhappy with, according to a poll by the daily newspaper Reforma. Guillermo Martinez is one of them. ‘The government have planned a big parade and some people here were planning a counter-march,’ he explains. ‘We still face real problems and poverty after 100 years of this so-called equality and they are trying to hide it all.’<br />
Officials claim that the celebrations will be targeted by drug cartels, justifying a heavy presence of armed guards nationwide. Martinez is sceptical, but knows any attempt to disrupt the local parade will be severely dealt with. ‘If you make a curfew and blame it on the cartels, you can control the people, bring in the military and silence dissent, all without losing support,’ he says.<br />
Creeping militarisation<br />
The United States has waged its ‘war on drugs’ since the 1970s, spending an estimated $1 trillion on prohibition and military aid to participating source countries. The Mexican industry developed as 1990s crackdowns on Caribbean trading routes forced Colombian suppliers to find new roads into the US. Mexican traffickers paid in product quickly recognised the huge profits marijuana, cocaine and methamphetamine produced. It is impossible to gauge exactly how much the trade is now worth, with estimates ranging from $13 to $48 billion a year. Ninety per cent of the cocaine that enters the US now comes through Mexico.<br />
President Filipe Calderon announced his brutal approach to narcotrafico on 11 December 2006, just two weeks into his six-year term, sending 6,500 troops to Michoacán to counter drug-related crime. His right-wing National Action Party (PAN) had weathered six months of fraud allegations after winning the election by just 0.5 percent. The Federal Electoral Institute refused to hold a national recount, despite acknowledging irregularities at polling stations around the country. The ruling led a million people to rally in the capital, in support of closest rival López Obrador of the leftist Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD), as Calderon was sworn in.<br />
The unpopular new president brought the military onside on his first day in office, ordering a 35 per cent pay rise for the federal police and armed forces. He found another ally in US president George Bush, who supported Calderon’s militarised approach with $1.4 billion over three years, through the Merida Initiative. The Mexican government spends a further $7 billion on the initiative each year. According to the BBC it has 50,000 armed federal officers patrolling the country.<br />
The violent consequences of the initiative are well‑documented. International news channels have pored over decapitations posted on YouTube, bodies hung from bridges and countless bloody sieges. Security analysts explain that new gangs are fighting over turf vacated by the death or arrest of rival bosses, allowing the government to argue that the rising bloodshed proves larger, organised groups are losing power. In 2009, a bullish Calderon told journalists, ‘We will win – and of course there will be many problems meanwhile.’<br />
According to the government-run National Human Rights Commission (CNDH), these problems include soldiers raping women, indiscriminately firing their weapons and using torture during interrogation. The CNDH’s 2007 report recommended the army be pulled out of anti-narcotic operations, but fears surrounding military involvement had been aired previously. The original Merida Initiative funding bill stipulated that ‘all cases of Mexican soldiers accused of human rights violations be referred to civilian courts’. The US Congress dropped the requirement after ‘vocal opposition’ from Mexico. Subsequently, of the 4,600 human rights abuse complaints received by the CNDH since 2007, military courts have sentenced just one officer (Human Rights Watch, quoting the Mexico defence secretary’s office SEDENA).<br />
Local journalists’ reports suggest that many complaints are linked to coordinated crackdowns on political opponents. The International Civil Commission on Human Rights (CCIODH) has also documented drug-related fabricated evidence being used to justify the violent detention of indigenous rights and anti-privatisation activists, as well as Zapatista community leaders.<br />
Xoxocotla was subjected to military raids in late 2008, when activists set up road-blocks along the Alpuyeca-Jojutla motorway. They were demonstrating in solidarity with teachers striking in Cuernavaca and against the proposed sale of a municipal aquifer to private housing developers.<br />
After 11 days of disruption, on 8 October 2008, the governor of Morelos, Marco Adame, ordered more than 1,500 state and paramilitary federal police to break the barricades. When a group of officers became trapped between blockades, effectively held captive by the protesters, the national defence secretary sent more than 500 troops to intervene, in tanks, trucks and helicopters. Alarmed when the army surrounded their town, the activists dismantled the blockades, only for troops to swarm in, firing tear gas and illegally searching houses. Several independent media sources reported that dozens were beaten or detained and police checkpoints remained in place for more than a week, searching everyone entering and leaving the town.<br />
Yet the story was a side note in national papers and absent from international newswires. As heavily armed police convoys roll through towns on a daily basis, and checkpoints are accepted as necessary measures, bloody purges have become unremarkable.<br />
<img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-3253" src="http://www.redpepper.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/mexico2.jpg" alt="" width="460" height="309" /><br />
The oppression is more than symbolic. During the swine flu panic, the president decreed a ‘state of emergency’, sanctioning martial law and banning public gatherings. Laws passed during this period allowing the federal police to intercept all private communications, including email and phone, received a forcibly muted response.<br />
Corruption, complicity and losing faith<br />
‘There are four issues in this “war”,’ explains Miguel, an ex-civil servant who now works as a teacher. ‘The US is the consumer. They need to address their demand and stop blaming the suppliers,’ he says, echoing the sentiments of most Mexicans. ‘Secondly, they need to stop guns coming into Mexico,’ he adds, citing a recent Washington Post investigation into cross-border gun trafficking. It found that 35,000 guns recovered from crime scenes and traced through the Project Gunrunner tracking system were bought over the border.<br />
‘We need to do something about poverty,’ continues Miguel. ‘Trafficking should not be the only job prospect for young people.’ Angry now, he concludes, ‘But the hardest thing to change, maybe impossible, is corruption. Everyone takes money from the cartels.’<br />
The government initially argued that federal police involvement was necessary due to high levels of corruption in local forces. Yet in August 2010, 4,600 federal officers, one tenth of the force, were sacked on suspected corruption charges. Once trusted by the public, their reputation is now tarnished. Paulina, a Cuernavaca student, saw military trucks delivering marijuana to a small-scale dealer. ‘Only a bit of what is seized is destroyed,’ she says. The cartels have simply bought new moles.<br />
The secretary of public security is pushing a recruitment drive in response, again offering higher wages and using better background checks. Yet corruption is deeply rooted. Well-paid officials also take bribes. Noe Ramirez Mandujano, formerly Mexico’s highest-ranking anti-narcotics official, was arrested shortly after leaving office, in November 2008. He sold information to traffickers for $450,000 per month.<br />
Calderon claims that Operacion Limpieza, which investigated Mandujano, is ‘fighting corruption among Mexican authorities, risking everything to clean house’. Yet he refuses to repeal an unpopular law that provides immunity from criminal charges to all elected officials, including mayors, legislators and politicians. The daily newspaper Reforma, meanwhile, continues to publish evidence that cartels not only have commanders on their payrolls but also access to US intelligence data only available to senior officials.<br />
Placed in the crossfire<br />
While the war on drugs has raged, Mexico has been hit by the worldwide financial crisis. Calderon’s neoliberal policies have failed to protect the poor. According to research published by the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) wages have risen just 17 per cent under the current administration while purchasing power has fallen by half. Twenty-five percent of the population lives on the minimum daily wage of 57 pesos (£2.50) while funding cuts to rural employment initiatives have left more than 12 million people without regular income.<br />
Narcos do not hesitate to take advantage of cheap, often desperate, labour. Carmen, a secretary from Monterrey, confides that her 16-year-old son was offered 4,000 pesos per week to become a sicario – an assassin. ‘I replied, “Okay, just leave me enough to pay for your coffin,”’ she says. Yet few people working for gangs get rich. ‘You have enough money for the day and to send your kids to private school,’ says Clara, a former cocaine dealer, ‘but don’t think you become rich. Only big bosses do that.’ Most accept small sums as runners or lookouts. Others become tied to organised crime through the sex industry, the black market or by simply refusing to co-operate with the police, often in exchange for their life.<br />
The official death toll of the drugs war passed 30,000 in December. When the news broke, former attorney general Eduardo Medina Mora sought to reassure horrified commentators. ‘Ninety per cent of the dead are involved in the drug trade. Only four per cent are innocent bystanders,’ he claimed. For many Mexicans, the distinction has become meaningless.<br />
The government also cites 120,000 drugs-related arrests as proof of the offensive’s success. Yet according to US embassy cables published on Wikileaks, just two percent of arrests lead to convictions in Ciudad Juarez, the so-called ‘murder capital of the world’.<br />
Rapidly rising drug addiction is yet another unforeseen consequence of the war. With border crossing increasingly difficult, gangs have turned to internal markets to unload supplies. Last year the public security secretary, Genaro Garcia Luna, told the Mexican Congress that inhalable cocaine use had tripled over two years, yet now there is no initiative funding for educational campaigns or addiction treatment. People are anyway wary of existing rehabilitation clinics. Rumours circulate that they are run by cartels, used to protect associates and recruit new members. More than a dozen have become bloody crime scenes, stormed by armed commandos.<br />
As crime rates soar and fears of extortion, armed robbery and kidnapping increase, wealthier families are installing high-tech security systems and moving into guarded compounds. Private security is one of the few industries booming in the country. Information from Wikileaks revealed that former under-secretary of the interior Geronimo Gutierrez recently conceded, ‘[The war] is damaging Mexico’s reputation, hurting foreign investment, and leading to a sense of government impotence.’<br />
Calderon’s National Action Party (PAN) is battling to regain public trust, spending millions on adverts that valorise police officers by mixing bicentennial imagery of heroic revolutionary wars with modern military scenes. Police squads are visiting schools to familiarise children with their armed guardians. Parades of officers wielding automatic weapons atop armoured trucks cruise through towns like Xoxocotla, flanked by fluffy, waving mascots.<br />
Yet, although the 2012 election looms large, no one is offering alternatives. Opposition parties cannot challenge Calderon’s drugs war policies because they have none of their own. The favourite, Revolutionary and Institutional Party (PRI) presidential candidate, Enrique Peña Nieto, is instead making headlines for his marriage to Angélica Rivero, one of Mexico’s biggest soap opera actresses. His politics are not being scrutinised. It seems that all the politicians have left to offer is celebrity escapism. For an embattled population in a hopeless situation, it could well be an attractive option.</p>
<p>Names have been changed upon request</p>
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		<title>Media empowerment</title>
		<link>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/media-empowerment/</link>
		<comments>http://www.redpepper.org.uk/media-empowerment/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 27 Sep 2010 20:47:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Activism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Siobhan McGuirk talks to the Adbusters Media Foundation]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>On newsstands across North America, the UK, Australia and now even India, Adbusters cuts quite a niche. The thick, glossy magazine places lengthy philosophical musings alongside succinct polemics and activist briefings, combined with striking and occasionally shocking images. Concerned with the &#8216;erosion of our physical and cultural environments by commercial forces&#8217;, it is refreshingly devoid of advertisements.</p>
<p>The fiercely independent magazine has its roots in environmental activism. In 1989, co-founding editor Kalle Lasn was involved in campaigns in British Columbia. &#8216;We went head to head with the forest industry on television with our own adverts. TV stations refused to sell us air time so there was this big battle between the industry, the stations, the public and Adbusters,&#8217; he recalls. &#8216;Out of this campaign we started our newsletter which then grew into a magazine.&#8217;</p>
<p>The aesthetics of activism are central to their outlook, and wordless sections are devoted to unusual and everyday images, from the mundane to the sublime, carefully arranged for poignant effect. Spoof ads are another vital element for the magazine&#8217;s popularity and political outlook. &#8216;Taking adverts and altering or answering them escalates the dialogue. Having an article about how terrible the media is is one thing, but to give people a really provocative, empowering subvert that makes them laugh and hits against the powers that be is something that the left really needs right now.&#8217;</p>
<p>Kick-starting a movement</p>
<p>Unifying and inspiring the left is what the Adbusters Media Foundation, the not-for-profit producers of the magazine, was set up for. &#8216;One of the things that came up really early, twenty years ago, was the realisation that the political left was [using] old style, knee-jerk politics and the same old slogans at protests. Something was fundamentally wrong, we were running out of big ideas,&#8217; explains Lasn. &#8216;We want to build a movement.&#8217; </p>
<p>Big ideas define the Foundation, which describes itself as &#8216;a global network of artists, activists, writers, pranksters, students, educators and entrepreneurs who want to advance the new social activist movement of the information age&#8217;. It is the root of international campaigns like Buy Nothing Week and Blackspot open-source branding.</p>
<p>Media literacy is high on their agenda, making Media Empowerment Kits available to schools since its inception. &#8216;We see it one of our mandates to create a media literacy lesson &#8211; not just for high school students but for the whole world,&#8217; says Lasn. &#8216;We sent complimentary issues to every high school in Canada, and a huge percentage started subscribing and using the magazine in the classroom. </p>
<p>&#8216;A good spoof ad or TV spot that speaks back at the advertisers is the kind of provocative thing that teachers like to use and students love to see. It gets people into subvertising &#8211; even if that&#8217;s just tearing pages out of magazines or writing stuff with a big black pen on top of it.&#8217;</p>
<p>Another of the Foundation&#8217;s education-based campaigns is &#8216;Neoliberal Economics &#8211; Kick it Over!&#8217; aiming to remind students, teachers and institutions that another economics is possible. For Lasn, the approach is vital for the movement. &#8216;We are trying to create a paradigm shift, from neo-classical economics to a new, biologically, ecologically driven approach. It is the sort of new vision for the political left around the world that makes a lot of sense.&#8217; </p>
<p>A black spot?</p>
<p>With their ideology posted front and centre, Adbusters has come in for criticism in one area: its own product range of shoes, books and flags. For Lasn, the true message and worth of their Blackspot anti-brand has been overlooked. &#8216;A lot of people don&#8217;t understand that Blackspot was an attempt to launch something new and to go head to head with a big bad company like Nike; start taking their market share, stealing their logo and doing some brand damage.&#8217;</p>
<p>For a non-profit, anti-corporate entity, the approach to merchandising is novel. &#8216;You can either look for money from big funders or you can launch your own entrepreneurial venture that&#8217;s a new way to look at capitalism, like grassroots capitalism,&#8217; reasons Lasn. Ever keen to stress the importance of building alternatives, he is clearly frustrated by the<br />
&#8216;sell-out&#8217; accusations. </p>
<p>&#8216;We&#8217;ve had advertising agencies offer to pay us $15,000 for our back cover and we always tell them to go to hell. Once you start selling out and having that kind of advertising feel, it just takes the piss out of activism.&#8217; </p>
<p>Their latest campaign idea is Seven Days of Carnivalesque Rebellion, a grassroots-led week of international, coordinated civil disobedience set for 22-28 November. Lasn sees it as an opportunity to rejuvenate the movement. </p>
<p>&#8216;We started up around the time that the Soviet Union fell and through the Iraq wars and the Bush years and even now, with Obama, it feels like the left still doesn&#8217;t have its act together; doesn&#8217;t have a vision. Some really kooky right wing people, like the Tea Party, seem to have more verve and more passion than we do.&#8217; </p>
<p>Throwing down the gauntlet to groups across the world, he concludes: &#8216;We have to come up with the big ideas that would rejuvenate the political left and put the magic back into our activism.&#8217; n</p>
<p>www.adbusters.org</p>
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